The total endoprosthesis (TEP) of the hip joint, also known as hip joint replacement, is a surgical procedure in which the damaged hip joint is replaced by an artificial prosthesis. This procedure is often used in severe cases of hip joint dysplasia, Osteoarthritis or other degenerative diseases of the hip joint are performed to relieve pain and improve mobility.
Indications
- Severe hip joint dysplasia: Cases in which conservative treatments and other surgical procedures were not successful.
- Osteoarthritis: Advanced degenerative joint diseases that lead to severe pain and immobility.
- Post-traumatic states: Severe hip joint damage after accident or injury.
- Aseptic femoral head necrosis: A condition in which the femoral head dies due to insufficient blood supply.
Preliminary studies
- Clinical investigation: Assessment of the general health status of the animal and specific symptoms in the hip joint.
- Imaging techniques: X-rays and, where appropriate, CT scans or MRIs to accurately assess the condition of the hip joint and to plan the operation.
- Blood tests: To review general health and identify possible risks or complications during surgery.
Procedures
1. Anesthesia: The dog is placed under general anesthesia.
2. Section line: A cut is made over the affected hip joint to gain access to the joint.
3. Removal of the damaged joint: The surgeon removes the damaged femoral head and hip socket.
4. Preparation of the bone: The remaining bone is prepared so that the artificial prosthesis can be stably implanted.
5. Installing the prosthesis: The artificial hip socket and the femur head (consisting of metal, plastic or ceramic) are inserted and fixed in the prepared bone.
6. Wound closure: The soft tissues and the skin are sewn layer by layer.
After-care
- Pain management: Pain medications and anti-inflammatory drugs are given to relieve postoperative pain.
- Motion restriction: The dog must be restricted in its movement for several weeks after the operation to support healing and prevent dislocation of the prosthesis.
- Physiotherapy: Targeted physiotherapeutic exercises are necessary to rebuild mobility and muscles and promote normal function of the hip joint.
- After-checks: Regular veterinary examinations and X-rays to monitor the healing process and ensure that the prosthesis remains stable.
Benefits of TEP
- Pain relief: A TEP can cause significant pain caused by severe hip joint dysplasia or Osteoarthritis caused to permanently relieve.
- Improved mobility: The hip replacement restores the normal mobility of the joint and significantly improves the quality of life of the animal.
- Long-term solution: A well-implanted prosthesis can last for many years and provides a long-term solution to severe hip joint problems.
Forecast
The prognosis after a total endoprosthesis of the hip joint is usually very good. Most dogs show significant improvement in quality of life after healing, including increased mobility and pain relief. Complications are rare but may include infections, dislocation of the prosthesis or loosening of the implants. Careful follow-up and regular veterinary check-ups are crucial to the long-term success of the operation.
